Caution with Your Liver, Cirrhosis ..

Cirrhosis is the destruction of normal liver tissue that leaves non-functional scar tissue around the heart tissue that is still functioning. Characterized by the formation of connective tissue with nodules. That situation occurred because of acute infection with hepatitis viruses where there is extensive inflammation of the liver cells and cause a lot of cell death. This condition causes a lot of connective tissue formation and regeneration noduler with different sizes formed by liver parenchymal cells are still healthy. As a result of normal liver will change with the emphasis on blood vessels and portal venous blood flow disturbance which led to portal hypertension. At an early cirrhosis of the liver is usually enlarged, palpable rubbery, dull edges, and feels pain when pressed.

The cause of cirrhosis of the liver varied. In addition to infections caused by hepatitis B or C virus, can also be caused by excessive alcohol consumption, a wide range of metabolic diseases, the presence of immunological disorders, and so forth. In Indonesia, liver cirrhosis is more common in men than women

Causes of cirrhosis include:
1. Alcohol abuse
2. Use of certain drugs
3. Exposure to certain chemicals
4. Infections (including hepatitis B and hepatitis C)
5. Autoimmune diseases (including chronic autoimmune hepatitis)
6. Bile duct obstruction
7. Obstruction persist in the bloodstream from the liver (eg Budd-Chiari syndrome)
Eight. Disturbances in the heart and blood vessels
9. Lack of alpha-1-antitripsin
10. High galactose levels in the blood
11. High tyrosine levels in the blood at birth (tirosinosis kongenitalis)
12. Diseases of glycogen accumulation
13. Diabetes mellitus (diabetes)
14. Poor nutrition
15. Excessive copper accumulation congenital (Wilson disease)
16. Excess iron (hemokromatosis).
Complaints arising generally depends on whether early or have sirosisnya decompensated phase. Also whether the resulting failure of liver function due to chronic active hepatitis process has occurred or portal hypertension. When still in perfect phase compensation of the cirrhosis is sometimes found at the time people do a thorough medical examination (general check-ups) because there are no complaints at all. However, complaints may also arise that are not typical, such as feeling unwell body, lack of enthusiasm for work, a sense of bloating, nausea, constipation, sometimes diarrhea, no appetite, weight loss, muscle weakening, and feeling tired. Many complaints arise or at least depends on the extent of liver parenchymal damage. When it stops being incurred jaundice liver cell damage. However, if it had gone into the decompensated phase of the symptoms increases with the symptoms of liver failure and the presence of portal hypertension.
Failure of liver function cause complaints such as feeling weak, west turunya loss, bloating, and nausea. The skin of the body at the top, face and upper arms will be incurred patches resemble spiders (* Spider Nevi). Red colored palms (palmar erythema), abdominal bulge caused by the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity (ascites), armpit and pubic hair who rarely or decrease, shrink testicles (testicular atrophy), and breast enlargement in males. Hypoalbuminemia may also occur, swelling in the leg around the bone (pretibial edema), and blood clotting disorder that manifests as inflammation of the gums, nosebleeds, or menstrual cycle disorders. Heart failure in advanced phases of cirrhosis of the liver can cause disturbances of consciousness due to hepatic encephalopathy or hepatic coma.
Normal portal pressure between 50-10 mmHg. In portal hypertension there is an increase of pressure in the portal system which is more than 15 mmHg and are settled. This situation will cause enlarged spleen (splenomegali), dilation of blood vessels in the skin around the navel of the abdominal wall (caput medusae), the abdominal wall that marks the collateral system was formed, piles (hemorrhoids), and the emphasis on venous blood vessels, or esophagus cardia (esophageal varices ) that can cause vomiting blood (hematemesis), blood or faeces (melena). If the bleeding that comes out very much the patient may develop shock (shock). When the disease will arise ascites, encephalopathy, and changes in the direction of primary liver cancer (hepatoma).
Treatment depends on the degree of liver failure and portal hypertension. When the liver is still able to compensate for damage that occurs then the patient is recommended to control the disease on a regular basis, adequate rest, and doing the daily diet of high calorie and fat with adequate protein. In this case when complications arise, the following things must be considered.
1. In ensefaopati inclusion protein should be reduced. Make corrections trigger factors such as the provision of potassium in hypokalemia, giving antibiotics to the infection, and others.
2. advanced ascites arises when the patient needs to rest in bed. Consumption of salt needs to be reduced to approximately 0.5 g per day with a bottle of liquid that entered 5.1 1 per day. Patients are given medication that is distal diureti Spronolakton 4 × 25 g per day, which can be raised up to a total dose of 800 mg per day. If necessary, patients are given drugs that loop diuretics furosemide and albumin was corrected in the blood.
3. In patients with esophageal variceal bleeding requiring hospitalization.
4. Hepatorenal syndrome, which arises when the occurrence of acute renal failure who runs the progressive liver disease in patients with chronic and usually accompanied by liver cirrhosis with ascites it needs immediate treatment in hospital. This situation is characterized by high levels of urea in the blood (azotemia) and urine that comes out very slightly (Oliguria).

Prevention
Reduce the risk of treating liver cirrhosis with you. For example:
1. Drinking alcohol in moderation, or not at all. If you’re a man, drink no more than two drinks per day. If you are a woman or anyone with 65 years of age or older, do not drink more than one drink a day.
2. Eating a healthy diet. Choose foods that are full of fruits and vegetables. Choose whole grains and protein sources is simple. Reduce the amount of fat and fried foods you eat.
3. Keeping sehat.Kelebihan weight of body fat can damage the liver. Lose weight if you are obese or overweight.
4. Use chemicals carefully. Follow the instructions on household chemicals, such as cleaners and insect killer spray. If you work around chemicals, follow all safety measures. Your liver removes toxins from your body, so give a break by limiting the amount of toxins to be processed.
5. Reduce the risk of hepatitis. Sharing needles and unsafe sex can increase the risk of hepatitis B and C. Protect yourself by abstaining from sex or use condoms if you choose to have sex. Ask your doctor whether you should be vaccinated against hepatitis B.