The Problem of Male Infertility
A couple infertility speak only if after a year of regular unprotected sexual relations no conception. Probability of achieving pregnancy in one monthly cycle is only about 20-25%. Achieving pregnancy requires a certain time. "Infertile" a couple should therefore be patient.
Initially regarded as a female infertility problem. Currently, the man involved in a pair of infertility in approximately 50% of cases. The average number of male sex cells – sperm in the population declined over the past 50 years is 50%.
Causes of male infertility
Male infertility may be congenital or acquired causes. The production of sperm (spermatogenesis) has a negative influence by many factors. One of the most important disorders are testicular descent at birth, which significantly affect sperm production in adulthood. Injury scrotum can also cause infertility, so you need to use caution in the operation of some sports. Infertility also cause inflammatory diseases of the testes, epididymis or prostate.
Causes of decline in sperm in the ejaculate
environmental pollution
chemical load in the diet and water
ionizing radiation
These effects, unfortunately we can not remove yourself. Although it is a small amount, but their effect is permanent.
Modifiable causes of decline of sperm in the ejaculate
obesity
alcohol
drugs
cigarettes
too tight underwear
Increased scrotal temperature (heated seats, sauna, hot tub too, long putting a laptop on your lap or stay in the sun)
permanent stress
untreated or undertreated genital infection
The basic investigative methods include external examination by palpation, hormonal tests and examination of seminal fluid (semen) – Sperm (SPG).
The optimal time for a sperm test after a 3-6-day sexual abstinence. We recommend instead to investigate two samples by at least 1 week. The volume of semen should be 2-5 ml.
Evaluation of sperm
sperm count – the norm is considered in the present concentration of 20 mil / ml. Reduced number is called oligozoospermie
sperm motility – normal is 60% motile sperm, low mobility is called asthenospermii
morphology (normal shape) sperm. If the normal form less than 30% of sperm – Teratozoospermia
We are the deterioration of sperm parameters, we call this finding as oligoastenozoospermii. If no sperm present in semen, it is a azoospermia and do not ejaculate when, for the aspermii.
Treatment of male infertility
Insemination
This method solves mild to moderate disorders of male fertility, it is possible to achieve better treatment of laboratory quality semen, or absence of sperm by using donated gametes.
Cryopreservation
The possibility of storing sperm for several years. It is suitable before the planned cancer treatment partner (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical treatment), the rapidly deteriorating sperm quality, or the planned absence of long-term partner.
More severe forms of male infertility can be solved by methods of IVF + ET and ICSI
Also performed surgical treatment of varicose veins in the genital region, and additional medications treatment (vitamins A, B, D, E, and hormones).
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